07月14日

Deusdedit succeeded Archbishop Honorius and led the English Church during a period of consolidation. He was consecrated by Pope Vitalian in 655 and convened synods to address clergy discipline and heresy. Under his leadership, the Church expanded its influence in Kent and improved diocesan organization. He maintained close relations with the papacy and strengthened the role of Canterbury as a spiritual center. He died on July 14, 664, possibly during the plague, and was buried at Canterbury Cathedral, leaving a lasting legacy on the early English Church.

Born into the powerful Ōtomo clan in 731, Ōtomo no Otomaro rose through the court ranks to become a leading military commander. Appointed Seii Taishōgun in 784, he led expeditions to pacify the Emishi tribes in northern Honshu and extend imperial authority. His strategic campaigns secured key territories and strengthened the role of the shogun in Japan's governance. Otomaro's successes paved the way for the formal establishment of the shogunate system. He died on July 14, 809, and was remembered for his decisive leadership in expanding the early Japanese state.

Born in 1165, Philip II ascended to the French throne at age 15 and reigned for 43 years. He skillfully reclaimed lands such as Normandy and Anjou through warfare and diplomacy, weakening Plantagenet power. Philip reorganized the French administration, introduced the bailli system, and strengthened royal justice. He played a significant role in the Third Crusade alongside Richard the Lionheart. By the end of his reign, he had laid the foundations for a more centralized and prosperous Capetian monarchy. He died on July 14, 1223, leaving a stronger and more unified France.

Born in 1183 as the son of Regent Hōjō Yoshitoki, Yasutoki became shikken in 1224 after the Jōkyū War. He founded the Council of State (Hyojoshu) to advise on governance and enhance administrative efficiency. In 1232, he promulgated the Goseibai Shikimoku legal code for samurai, Japan's first codified warrior law. Under his stewardship, the Kamakura shogunate stabilized its rule and balanced military and court interests. Yasutoki's fair leadership and legal innovations left a lasting impact on samurai governance. He died on July 14, 1242, remembered as a pioneer of structured feudal administration.

Although details of Hidesuna's early life remain scarce, he emerged as a prominent military leader in the mid-14th century. As a vassal of the Sasaki clan, he supported the Ashikaga shogunate during the power struggles following the Kenmu Restoration. Hidesuna led troops to secure key fortresses and quell rebellions in central Japan. His tactical skills contributed to the stability of shogunate rule in Ōmi Province. He died on July 14, 1353, and his career exemplifies the martial and feudal dynamics of the Muromachi era.

Born in 1456 to King Christian I of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, Margaret married James III of Scotland in 1469. She navigated court factions with elegance and supported the arts, introducing continental fashions and musical traditions. Renowned for her piety, she funded religious institutions and charitable works across Scotland. Margaret strengthened diplomatic relations between Scotland and mainland Europe, fostering political alliances. She died on July 14, 1486, at age 30, leaving a legacy of cultural enrichment and international connections.

Born in 1603 as the second son of Emperor Go-Yōzei, Prince Yoshihito received the title Prince of Takamatsu. He held ceremonial roles at the shogunate court and was a patron of Buddhist temples and classical scholarship. Deeply engaged in the arts, he commissioned literary works and supported temple constructions in Edo. Though his political power was limited by the Tokugawa regime, he influenced court culture and religious practices. He died on July 14, 1638, leaving a reputation for piety and cultural refinement within the imperial family.

Born in 1614 in France, Daniel Alle trained under leading artists in Paris, mastering dramatic contrasts of light and shadow. He produced altarpieces and devotional paintings for churches, as well as decorative works for noble patrons. Influenced by the Italian Baroque, Alle combined robust figures with vibrant colors and dynamic compositions. His contributions helped shape the spread of Baroque aesthetics beyond France's artistic centers. Although overshadowed by more famous contemporaries, his works remain in regional collections and ecclesiastical settings. He died on July 14, 1675, leaving a modest but noteworthy artistic legacy.

Born in 1657 to Tsar Alexis I and Maria Miloslavskaya, Sophia assumed the regency after the deaths of her brothers and the minority of Ivan V and Peter I. She navigated court factions to maintain stability, forging alliances with the Crimean Khanate and engaging the Ottoman Empire militarily. Sophia commissioned fortifications and fostered diplomatic ties with Western powers. Known for her intelligence and political acumen, she promoted cultural and religious projects in Moscow. Her regency ended in 1689 when Peter the Great forced her into a convent. She died on July 14, 1704, remembered as an effective ruler during a complex succession.

Born in 1687, Johan Willem Friso inherited the title Prince of Orange and claims to the stadtholdership of several provinces. He served as stadtholder of Friesland and Groningen and participated in military reforms during the War of the Spanish Succession. A patron of the arts and education, he promoted Calvinist schools and cultural activities. His untimely death by drowning in 1711 cut short efforts to unify the Dutch provinces under his leadership. His son, William IV, later became stadtholder of all provinces, cementing the lineage of the House of Orange-Nassau. Friso died on July 14, 1711, leaving a legacy central to Dutch dynastic history.

瑤泉院（1674-1714）は、江戸時代の大名夫人。 浅野長矩の正室として赤穂藩の藩政や館内儀礼を支えた。 大名家における夫人として、家中の婦女子教育や婚姻調整にも関与した。 彼女の存在は藩主の公的・私的側面の安定に寄与したとされる。 正徳4年（1714年）6月3日に逝去。

アレクサンダー・ファン・ブレダール（1663-1720）は、バロック期のフランドル派画家。 ベルギーのアントウェルペンで生まれ、芸術家一家に育まれた。 イタリアでの留学経験を経て、風景画や人物寓意画を多く手掛けた。 特にイタリア風の田園風景や古代神話を題材とした作品が高く評価された。 父ピーター・ファン・ブレダールや兄弟たちも画家として活躍した絵画一家の一員として知られる。 1720年に故郷で没し、その繊細な色彩表現は後世に影響を与えた。