Daisy Fleabane
Annual Fleabane Eastern Daisy Fleabane Sweet Scabious

Scientific Name: Erigeron annuus
Family: Asteraceae

Flower Language

  • simple and pure
  • innocence

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

Daisy Fleabane is an annual herb from the Erigeron genus native to North America, introduced to Japan around 1865 as an ornamental plant. It produces white flowers about 2cm in diameter from June to October, with small white petals arranged in three layers around yellow tubular florets in the center. The stem is solid with white spongy tissue inside, reaching 30-150cm in height. Now widespread throughout the country as a naturalized plant, it's known as an invasive alien species due to its strong reproductive capacity. The Japanese name 'Himejoon' is written as '姫女苑' derived from ancient words meaning beautiful woman.

Trivia

  • Often confused with Erigeron philadelphicus but has solid stems
  • Listed in Japan's worst 100 invasive alien species
  • Long blooming period from early summer to autumn
  • Single plant can produce thousands of seeds

Uses

Ornamental
  • Wildflower appreciation
  • Natural garden planting
  • Cut flowers (as wildflowers)
Medicinal
  • Used in folk medicine in North America
  • Believed to have anti-inflammatory properties

Caution: Medical effects not proven; do not use without expert knowledge

Culinary
  • Young leaves
Other
  • Subject of ecological research
  • Educational material for invasive species issues

Toxicity

Symptoms:

Japanese Rowan
Mountain Ash Japanese Mountain Ash

Scientific Name: Sorbus commixta
Family: Rosaceae

Flower Language

  • caution
  • wisdom
  • I watch over you

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

Japanese Rowan is a deciduous tree from the Sorbus genus native to Japan, Korean Peninsula, and Sakhalin in East Asia. It produces white flowers in clusters from June to July, followed by bright red berries in September. Growing up to 15m tall, it displays beautiful autumn foliage. The name derives from the wood being difficult to burn, said to 'not burn even after seven times in the furnace.' The berries contain sorbic acid, preventing decay and remaining on branches long after frost. Widely planted as street and park trees, it's beloved as a representative tree of Hokkaido and Tohoku regions.

Trivia

  • Designated as the prefectural tree of Hokkaido
  • Berries contain sorbic acid with natural preservative effects
  • Birds eat berries after frost breaks down toxins
  • Wood hard to burn when fresh but makes excellent fuel when dry

Uses

Ornamental
  • Street trees
  • Park trees
  • Garden trees
  • Bonsai
Medicinal
  • Berries used in folk medicine for stomach ailments
  • Bark used as astringent

Caution: Berries not suitable for fresh consumption; avoid medicinal use without expert knowledge

Culinary
  • Berries (processed)
Other
  • Wood used for crafts and woodworking
  • Charcoal of high quality with strong heat
  • Used as natural dye

Toxicity

Toxicity Level: Mild

Toxic Parts: Raw berries, Seeds

Symptoms: Large amounts of raw berries may cause mild gastrointestinal symptoms

Eucalyptus
Gum Tree Blue Gum

Scientific Name: Eucalyptus globulus
Family: Myrtaceae

Flower Language

  • rebirth
  • regeneration
  • memories
  • comfort

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

Eucalyptus is an evergreen tree from the Myrtaceae family native to Australia, with nearly 900 species existing. Large specimens can reach 70-100m tall, known for their characteristically fragrant leaves. Famous as koala food, though koalas eat only limited species. Leaves contain terpene essential oils with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Shows unique adaptation to wildfires, regenerating from roots after fires. The scientific name 'Eucalyptus' derives from Greek meaning 'well-covered,' referring to the cap-like structure covering buds.

Trivia

  • Koalas eat only 30-50 species out of 900+ varieties
  • Comprises about 80% of Australian forests
  • Releases fire-promoting terpenes but regenerates after wildfires
  • Among world's tallest trees with Tasmanian specimens over 100m

Uses

Ornamental
  • Garden trees
  • Cut foliage (flower arrangements)
  • Street trees
  • Potted plants
Medicinal
  • Essential oils have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties
  • Relief for coughs and nasal congestion
  • Used in topical medications

Caution: Avoid internal use due to cyanogenic glycosides; never apply undiluted

Culinary

Not suitable for consumption (toxic)

Other
  • Aromatherapy essential oils
  • Insect repellent properties
  • Paper pulp material
  • Construction timber

Toxicity

Toxicity Level: Moderate

Toxic Parts: Leaves, Essential oils

Symptoms: Ingestion may cause respiratory problems, gastrointestinal symptoms, and skin irritation

Shrimp Plant
Beloperone Mexican Shrimp Plant False Hop

Scientific Name: Justicia brandegeeana
Family: Acanthaceae

Flower Language

  • tomboy
  • playful

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

Shrimp Plant is a semi-evergreen shrub from the Justicia genus native to Mexico and Central America. Blooming from May to October, it's characterized by shrimp tail-like bracts. What appears to be the flower is actually bracts that overlap like scales and curve, while the true flowers emerge as narrow white petals from between the bracts. Growing 50-100cm tall and 50-80cm wide, it can bloom year-round if kept above 15°C. Flower colors include red, yellow, and white. Previously classified in Beloperone genus, now integrated into Justicia genus.

Trivia

  • Former genus name Beloperone derives from Belos' arrow and Perone's belt in Greek mythology
  • Can bloom year-round if kept above 15°C
  • Called Shrimp Plant in English, also referring to shrimp
  • Hardy plant with little concern for pests and diseases

Uses

Ornamental
  • Potted plants
  • Garden planting
  • Cut flowers
  • Houseplants
Medicinal
  • Sometimes used traditionally as medicinal herb in Mexico

Caution: Medicinal effects not scientifically proven; do not use without expert knowledge

Culinary

Not suitable for consumption

Other
  • Horticultural education material
  • Plant observation subject

Toxicity

Symptoms:

Easter Lily
Longiflorum Lily White Trumpet Lily Bermuda Lily

Scientific Name: Lilium longiflorum
Family: Liliaceae

Flower Language

  • purity
  • dignity
  • innocence

Characteristics

Colors: white

Description

Easter Lily is a perennial bulbous plant from the Lilium genus native to Ryukyu Islands of Japan and Taiwan. It produces pure white, elongated tubular flowers 10-15cm long and 5cm in diameter horizontally from April to June. Named 'Teppo-yuri' (gun lily) because the flower shape resembles a gun barrel. Growing 50cm-1m tall with oval, long leaves arranged alternately. The fragrance is sweet and gentle, more subdued than Casablanca lilies. Cold-hardy and easy to cultivate, it's beloved worldwide as Easter decoration flower.

Trivia

  • Called 'Riser' in Okinawan dialect
  • Representative Easter decoration flower worldwide
  • Many hybrids with Lilium formosanum in circulation
  • Extensively cultivated in Bermuda, also called 'Bermuda Lily'

Uses

Ornamental
  • Cut flowers
  • Potted plants
  • Garden planting
  • Wedding decorations
Medicinal
  • Bulbs sometimes used in folk medicine

Caution: Liliaceae plants can be toxic; medicinal use requires expert knowledge

Culinary

Not suitable for consumption (potentially toxic)

Other
  • Fragrance industry applications
  • Horticultural education material

Toxicity

Toxicity Level: Severe

Toxic Parts: All parts, Especially bulbs, Pollen

Symptoms: Extremely toxic to cats causing acute kidney failure and potentially fatal