November 14

Adam Oehlenschläger is celebrated as Denmark's national poet and a pioneer of the Romantic movement in Scandinavian literature. His breakout poem “Guldhornene” (The Golden Horns) captured the spirit of Norse mythology and inspired national pride. Oehlenschläger authored plays, narratives, and lyrical poems that emphasized emotion, imagination, and folklore. He held positions as professor of philosophy and worked to infuse Danish culture with Romantic ideals. His drama “Aladdin” remains one of his most performed works, blending Oriental tales with Romantic aesthetics. Oehlenschläger was influenced by Goethe and Schiller but crafted a unique Danish voice. He mentored younger poets and shaped the direction of 19th-century Scandinavian arts. His legacy endures in Danish schools and public memorials honoring his contributions.

Jacob Abbott was an American author and educator who wrote more than 200 books for young readers. He created enduring characters such as Rollo in the “Rollo” series, blending moral lessons with adventure. Abbott also wrote historical biographies and the “History of the Civil War” series, making history engaging for students. He studied theology and served as a minister before dedicating himself to writing and teaching. Abbott taught at various schools and colleges, emphasizing natural curiosity and moral development. His clear prose style and didactic approach shaped 19th-century juvenile literature. He founded Abbott’s Institute, a school for young boys in New York. Abbott’s works were widely translated, influencing educational methods internationally.

Aleardo Aleardi was an Italian poet celebrated for his fervent and lyrical contributions to the Risorgimento movement. His works, such as the poem “Palmira” and the verse drama “Paride ed Elena,” combined Romantic sensibilities with Italian nationalism. Aleardi participated in the 1848 revolutions and served briefly in the Venetian defense against Austrian forces. He later held positions in the Italian parliament, advocating for cultural and educational reforms. Aleardi’s poetry emphasized freedom, heroism, and the beauty of the Italian landscape. His style was marked by emotional depth, vivid imagery, and melodic rhythms. He returned to his native Verona, where he inspired a generation of Italian writers. Aleardi’s legacy endures in Italian literature anthologies and monuments honoring his patriotic verse.

August Šenoa was a key figure in 19th-century Croatian literature, credited with shaping the national literary tradition. Born in Zagreb, he wrote novels, poetry, and critical essays that blended romanticism with social realism. His most famous work, "Zlatarovo zlato" (The Goldsmith's Treasure), became a landmark in Croatian fiction. Šenoa's writing introduced urban settings and contemporary social issues into Croatian prose. Beyond literature, he was active in cultural debates and literary salons. His untimely death at 42 cut short a prolific career, but his influence endures in Croatian letters.

Jakob Schaffner was a Swiss novelist born in 1875 who gained recognition for his vividly detailed historical narratives. His early works captured Swiss culture and identity with striking realism. In the 1930s, he became politically active and openly supported National Socialism, a stance that deeply influenced his later writings. Schaffner moved to Germany and continued his literary career under the Nazi regime. His political activism overshadowed his literary achievements and remains controversial. He died in Berlin during an Allied bombing raid in 1944.

Leopold Staff was a Polish poet born in 1878 in Lviv who became a central figure in the Young Poland modernist movement. He studied literature and philosophy in Krakow and Zurich, which influenced his lyrical and philosophical poetry. Staff's works often explore themes of spirituality, nature, and human experience with elegant simplicity. Over his career, he published several acclaimed collections, including Prolog and Poezje wybrane. He also held academic positions teaching literature and mentoring younger poets. Staff continued to write through turbulent historical periods and died in 1957, leaving a profound mark on Polish poetry.

Born in Iași, Romania, Fondane moved to Paris and became a vibrant voice in European intellectual circles. He published poetry and critical essays exploring existential themes influenced by Lev Shestov. Fondane engaged with Surrealist and avant-garde movements, contributing to literary journals of the 1920s and 1930s. His works include reflections on art, philosophy, and the human condition, blending poetic insight with philosophical inquiry. Despite his rising reputation, he was arrested during World War II and tragically perished in a Nazi concentration camp.

Lindgren created beloved figures like Pippi Longstocking, known for her strength, humor, and independence. Her stories blended whimsy with thoughtful observations on childhood, friendship, and justice. She wrote screenplays, campaigned for children’s rights, and influenced social reforms in Sweden. Recipient of the Hans Christian Andersen Award, Lindgren’s works have been translated into over 100 languages. Her legacy includes a foundation supporting literacy and creative storytelling for young readers.

Steig began as a cartoonist for The New Yorker, developing a unique comedic and artistic style. In mid-life, he turned to children’s literature, writing and illustrating classics like Doctor De Soto. His book Sylvester and the Magic Pebble won the Caldecott Medal for its emotional depth and artistry. Steig’s 1990 book Shrek! inspired the popular DreamWorks animated film series decades later. His whimsical characters and inventive storytelling continue to delight readers of all ages.

Eric Malpass published more than thirty novels during his career, many of which explored family dynamics and small-town life. His breakthrough came with 'The Hills is Lonely', earning praise for its vivid characters and wit. Malpass's works often combined romance and gentle comedy, appealing to a wide readership. He wrote the popular 'Tetbury' trilogy, showcasing his talent for evoking English countryside charm. His storytelling continues to enchant readers with its timeless blend of warmth and humor.

Sherwood Schwartz began his career writing radio comedy before transitioning to television in the 1950s. He created the hit series 'Gilligan's Island' (1964) and later 'The Brady Bunch' (1969), both becoming cultural icons. Schwartz wrote and produced dozens of television episodes, showcasing his talent for family-oriented humor. His shows remain popular in syndication, celebrated for their memorable characters and catchphrases. He received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to TV entertainment.

Lefteris Papadopoulos (born 1935) is one of Greece’s most prolific lyricists, writing songs for iconic musicians since the 1960s.\nHis collaborations with composers like Mimis Plessas produced numerous hits that shaped modern Greek popular music.\nPapadopoulos also worked as a journalist and columnist, offering insightful perspectives on cultural and social issues.\nHe has published collections of his lyrics and essays, earning awards for his contributions to Greek arts and journalism.\nThrough his work, he has influenced generations of songwriters and readers with his evocative language and storytelling.