Crown of Thorns
Christ Plant Kiss Me Quick Christ's Thorn

Scientific Name: Euphorbia milii
Family: Euphorbiaceae

Flower Language

  • Independence
  • Pure Love
  • Kiss Me Quick
  • Bear Up Under Adversity

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

Crown of Thorns is an evergreen shrub from the Euphorbiaceae family, native to Madagascar. The stems have sharp thorns and grow 20-100cm tall. The flowers are small and charming, available in various colors including red, pink, white, and yellow. It's popular as an easy-to-grow plant that is drought-resistant and blooms year-round.

Trivia

  • Discovered in 1821 by French Navy Admiral Pierre Bernard Milius on Bourbon Island, with the species name honoring the baron
  • The genus name Euphorbia derives from ancient Greek physician Euphorbos, different from Osmanthus meaning 'fragrant flower'
  • Japanese Crown of Thorns are all male plants that don't produce fruit, propagated through cuttings
  • Sold as 'Crown of Thorns' in Western garden centers with strong religious connotations

Uses

Ornamental
  • Cultivation in pots both indoors and outdoors
  • Ground planting in gardens
  • Use as cut flowers
Medicinal
  • In ancient Greece, physician Euphorbos used the latex medicinally

Caution: Modern medicinal use is not recommended due to toxicity. The latex contains toxic components requiring careful handling.

Culinary

Not suitable for consumption

Other
  • Feng shui evil spirit repelling
  • Religious decorative purposes

Toxicity

Toxicity Level: Moderate

Toxic Parts: Latex (milky sap), Stems, Leaves

Symptoms: Contact with latex may cause dermatitis, rashes, and blisters. Ingestion may cause gastrointestinal disorders.

Euryops Daisy
Gray-leaved Euryops Bush Daisy

Scientific Name: Euryops pectinatus
Family: Asteraceae

Flower Language

  • Marital Harmony
  • Harmonious Relationship
  • Bright Love
  • Purity

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

Euryops daisy is an evergreen shrub from the Asteraceae family, native to South Africa. It has silvery-white fine hairs covering the leaves and stems, producing charming yellow flowers resembling marguerites. It blooms for an extended period from October to May, brightening gardens with vibrant yellow flowers even during the flower-scarce winter season. It's popular as an easy-to-grow plant resistant to pests and diseases.

Trivia

  • The Euryops genus is large with about 95 species distributed mainly in South Africa
  • The species commonly cultivated in Japan is mainly Euryops pectinatus
  • Has a distinctive appearance with fine hairs on leaves and stems giving an overall silvery-white look
  • After several years, the main stem becomes woody, forming a shrub structure

Uses

Ornamental
  • Cultivation in pots both indoors and outdoors
  • Ground planting in gardens
  • As accent plants in mixed plantings
Medicinal

Caution: No recorded medicinal uses have been found.

Culinary

No information confirmed regarding edibility

Other
  • Use as cut flowers
  • Processing into dried flowers

Toxicity

Symptoms: No toxicity has been reported.

Lupin
Lupine Russell Lupin Wild Lupin

Scientific Name: Lupinus polyphyllus
Family: Fabaceae

Flower Language

  • Imagination
  • Voraciousness
  • Fantasy
  • Maternal Love
  • Many Companions
  • Rare and Curious

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

Lupin is a leguminous plant native to the Americas and Mediterranean coast. It has beautiful flower spikes resembling inverted wisteria flowers, also called 'Nobori-fuji' (ascending wisteria) in Japanese. Flower colors are diverse including red, pink, purple, yellow, and white, with some varieties forming tall flower spikes of 60-70cm. Due to nitrogen fixation through symbiosis with root nodule bacteria, it has also been used as a green manure crop.

Trivia

  • Human cultivation began 6000 years ago, being an important crop since ancient Greek and Roman times
  • Russell Lupin is a horticultural variety bred in Britain in the 20th century, now mainstream for ornamental lupins
  • Has the property of fixing atmospheric nitrogen through symbiosis with root nodule bacteria, enriching soil
  • The tradition of eating salt-boiled beans as beer snacks continues in Mediterranean coastal areas

Uses

Ornamental
  • Ground planting in gardens
  • Landscape plants in parks and flower beds
  • Use as cut flowers
Medicinal
  • Used as medicinal herbs to enhance imagination in ancient Europe
  • Believed to have mood-brightening effects

Caution: Ornamental lupins contain toxins and should not be used for food or medicine.

Culinary
  • Seeds (beans)
Other
  • Soil improvement as green manure crops
  • Soil fertilization through nitrogen fixation
  • Soap manufacturing material (ancient times)

Toxicity

Toxicity Level: Moderate

Toxic Parts: Seeds (beans), Leaves, Stems

Symptoms: Ornamental lupins contain bitter alkaloids that cause bitter taste when consumed and may cause poisoning symptoms if consumed in large quantities.

Fragrant Olive
Sweet Osmanthus Golden Sweet Osmanthus Fragrant Orange-colored Olive

Scientific Name: Osmanthus fragrans var. aurantiacus
Family: Oleaceae

Flower Language

  • Modesty
  • Truth
  • First Love
  • Intoxication

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

Fragrant Olive is an evergreen small tree from the Oleaceae family, native to China. From late September to mid-October, it produces densely clustered small orange-yellow flowers with strong fragrance on branches. Though flowers are small at 4-5mm diameter, their fragrance is very strong and travels far, especially at night. It's counted among Japan's three great fragrant trees along with Daphne and Gardenia.

Trivia

  • All Fragrant Olives in Japan are clones of male plants, genetically identical through cutting propagation
  • There are actually two types called 'kinmokusei' - the current common orange-flowered variety and the original yellow-flowered thin-leafed osmanthus
  • Guilin City in China, as indicated by the character '桂', is a famous production area for osmanthus, producing raw materials for keika tea
  • Flowers have a short lifespan, lasting only 2-3 days, or at most about a week after blooming

Uses

Ornamental
  • Planting as garden trees
  • Use in parks and as street trees
  • Use as hedges
Medicinal
  • Dried flowers used for treating gastritis, low blood pressure, and insomnia
  • Soaked in shochu to make medicinal liqueur

Caution: Consult with a physician before using in folk medicine.

Culinary
  • Flowers
Other
  • Use as fragrance in cosmetics and soaps
  • Essential oil for aromatherapy

Toxicity

Symptoms: No toxicity reported and used for culinary purposes.