Tamura Thistle
Serratula Japanese Saw-wort

Scientific Name: Serratula coronata subsp. insularis
Family: Asteraceae

Flower Language

  • secret
  • only you
  • I only love you

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

Tamura Thistle is a perennial herb growing 30-150cm tall, distributed from Honshu to Kyushu and Korea. It closely resembles thistle but lacks thorns on its leaves, blooming purple-red flower heads from August to October. It has creeping rhizomes and grows in grasslands from warm temperate to cool temperate zones.

Trivia

  • Only one Serratula species is native to Japan
  • Unlike thistle, safe to touch as leaves lack thorns
  • Also known as Tamabōki (ball broom)
  • Characterized by woody rhizomes

Uses

Ornamental
  • Cultivated as wildflower in gardens
  • Used as cut flower
  • Planted in naturalistic gardens
Medicinal
  • Roots used in folk medicine
  • Believed to have antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects

Caution: Consultation with experts recommended before use

Culinary

Other
  • Indicator plant for ecosystem conservation
  • Nectar source for insects

Toxicity

Symptoms:

Pot Mum
Garden Mum Florist's Mum Florist's Chrysanthemum

Scientific Name: Chrysanthemum morifolium
Family: Asteraceae

Flower Language

  • noble love
  • I love you
  • pure love

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

Pot Mums are Western chrysanthemums bred in America in the 1950s for potted cultivation. They grow compact with low height, blooming in diverse colors including red, pink, orange, yellow, and white from September to November. Hardy to heat and cold, they are beginner-friendly perennials that provide annual blooms once planted.

Trivia

  • Mum is short for Chrysanthemum
  • Potted varieties developed in America in the 1950s
  • Japanese imperial crest features 16-petal chrysanthemum
  • One of the flowers with most varieties worldwide

Uses

Ornamental
  • Potted plant appreciation
  • Garden planting for autumn color
  • Cut flowers for indoor decoration
Medicinal
  • Used as chrysanthemum tea
  • Believed effective for eye fatigue and inflammation

Caution: Avoid consumption if allergic

Culinary
  • Petals
  • Young leaves
Other
  • Use as fragrance
  • Natural insect repellent properties

Toxicity

Toxicity Level: Mild

Toxic Parts: Leaves, Stems

Symptoms: May cause dermatitis or allergic reactions

Hardy Begonia
Begonia Autumn Begonia

Scientific Name: Begonia grandis
Family: Begoniaceae

Flower Language

  • unrequited love
  • troubles of love
  • love of nature
  • immaturity

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

Hardy Begonia is a perennial bulbous plant native to mainland China, introduced to Japan in the early Edo period. Growing to about 70cm tall, it has large, asymmetrical heart-shaped leaves. It blooms pale pink flowers facing downward from August to October and is monoecious. It has strong cold resistance and overwinters with underground bulbs.

Trivia

  • One of few begonias that can overwinter in Japan
  • Asymmetrical leaves inspired the unrequited love meaning
  • Monoecious with male and female flowers on same plant
  • Historic garden plant cultivated in Japan since Edo period

Uses

Ornamental
  • Shade garden planting
  • Tea ceremony flower arrangement
  • Potted plant appreciation
Medicinal
  • Roots and leaves used in folk medicine
  • Believed to have detoxifying and anti-inflammatory effects

Caution: Avoid large consumption due to oxalic acid content

Culinary

Other
  • Shade area greening plant
  • Food source for wildlife

Toxicity

Toxicity Level: Mild

Toxic Parts: Leaves, Stems, Bulbs

Symptoms: Oral and digestive irritation from oxalic acid

Dahlia
Garden Dahlia

Scientific Name: Dahlia pinnata
Family: Asteraceae

Flower Language

  • elegance
  • dignity
  • magnificence
  • gratitude

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

Dahlia is a perennial native to Mexico and Central America, forming tubers underground. It blooms in almost all colors except blue from June to October, with extremely diverse flower sizes and forms. Starting in early summer, reducing in mid-summer, and continuing until autumn. Countless varieties have been developed through breeding.

Trivia

  • One of the flowers with most varieties worldwide
  • Called 'water pipe' by Aztecs
  • Extremely expensive flower in 18th century Europe
  • Tubers originally cultivated as food in native lands

Uses

Ornamental
  • Garden planting for display
  • Cut flowers for indoor decoration
  • Potted cultivation
Medicinal
  • Tubers traditionally used medicinally in Mexico
  • Sometimes used for diabetes treatment

Caution: Medical effects not scientifically proven

Culinary
  • Tubers
  • Petals
Other
  • Nectar source for insects
  • Used in horticultural therapy

Toxicity

Symptoms:

China Aster
Annual Aster Garden Aster

Scientific Name: Callistephus chinensis
Family: Asteraceae

Flower Language

  • trust
  • change
  • remembrance
  • sympathy
  • believing love

Characteristics

Colors: white

Description

China Aster is a semi-hardy annual native to northeastern China and Siberia, reaching 30-100cm in height. It blooms 3-8cm diameter flowers from summer to autumn in various colors including white, purple, red, and pink. Currently classified as the only species in Callistephus genus, cultivated worldwide as ornamental plant.

Trivia

  • Currently the only species in Callistephus genus
  • Introduced to Japan in late Edo period
  • Various flower forms created through breeding
  • Good longevity as cut flowers

Uses

Ornamental
  • Flower bed cultivation
  • Use as cut flowers
  • Potted plant appreciation
Medicinal
  • Sometimes used as folk medicine in China
  • Believed to have antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects

Caution: Scientific evidence limited, caution needed

Culinary

Other
  • Nectar source for insects
  • Used as border plant in flower beds

Toxicity

Symptoms: