September 09

Born in 1855 to British parents, Chamberlain settled in Germany and immersed himself in Teutonic culture. He authored The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century (1899), a controversial work blending history, science, and ideology to promote Aryan supremacy. Chamberlain served as an unofficial ideologue for emerging German nationalist movements. His racial theories later influenced Nazi ideology, making his legacy highly contentious. He died in 1927 at Bayreuth, leaving a complex and debated intellectual heritage.

Born in 1905, Brahmarishi Hussain Sha emerged as a significant figure in Indian spiritual literature. He combined deep philosophical inquiry with lyrical poetry to explore themes of devotion and mysticism. His works, often written in native languages, bridged classical Indian thought and modern expression. Sha's poetry collections emphasized the unity of faiths and the inner journey of the soul. As a philosopher, he delivered lectures across India, inspiring students and scholars alike. His legacy endures through his publications and the spiritual communities he influenced. He died in 1981, leaving behind a rich body of work that continues to inspire seekers.

Born in 1914 in Sydney, John Passmore studied classics and philosophy at the University of Sydney and Oxford. He joined the University of Sydney faculty in 1956, teaching ethics and the history of philosophy. Passmore's book A Hundred Years of Philosophy (1957) became a standard introductory text in universities worldwide. He explored topics from moral theory to environmental ethics, emphasizing logical analysis and clarity of thought. Passmore also engaged with contemporary social issues, writing essays on technology and power. His accessible style brought philosophical ideas to a wider audience beyond academia. He retired in 1979 and died in 2004, remembered as a gifted teacher and writer.