Rudbeckia
Black-eyed Susan Coneflower Brown-eyed Susan

Scientific Name: Rudbeckia hirta
Family: Asteraceae

Flower Language

  • Justice
  • Fairness
  • Looking at you

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

A perennial herb native to North America that was introduced to Japan in the Meiji era. The name Rudbeckia was given in honor of the Swedish botanist Rudbeck. It blooms yellow flowers from summer to autumn, and the central disc is raised and dark brown, looking like an eye, which is why it is given the flower language of 'looking at you'.

Trivia

  • Olof Rudbeck, the source of the scientific name, was also Linnaeus's teacher
  • Affectionately known as Black-eyed Susan in America
  • The center part of the flower is actually a collection of small flowers
  • Seeds are an important food source for wild birds

Uses

Ornamental
  • Cut flowers
  • Garden planting
  • Potted plants
  • Flower beds
Medicinal
  • Historically used as medicinal herb by Native Americans

Caution: Professional guidance required for medicinal use

Culinary

Other
  • Dried flowers
  • Seeds used as bird food

Toxicity

Toxicity Level: Mild

Toxic Parts: Leaves, Stems

Symptoms: Large amounts may cause mild gastrointestinal upset

Acanthus
Bear's breeches

Scientific Name: Acanthus mollis
Family: Acanthaceae

Flower Language

  • Elegant behavior
  • Art
  • Skill

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

A large perennial herb native to the Mediterranean coast. Although the flowers are not very conspicuous, the leaves are beautiful and have been widely used as decorative motifs in crafts in Greece, Rome and the Middle East. It was introduced to Japan around the end of the Meiji era and has since been used for cut flowers and ground planting. It is also famous as a motif for the capital decoration of the Corinthian style of ancient Greek architecture.

Trivia

  • Corinthian capital decoration is said to be inspired by acanthus leaves dancing in the wind
  • Acanthus leaves are depicted on Greek 1 euro coins
  • Called Bear's breeches in English because the leaf shape resembles bear fur
  • Has been treated as a symbol of nobility since Roman times

Uses

Ornamental
  • Garden background plants
  • Cut flowers
  • Ground planting
  • Architectural decoration motif
Medicinal
  • Used as medicinal herb since ancient times, believed to have anti-inflammatory properties

Caution: Professional guidance required for medicinal use

Culinary

Other
  • Decorative art motif
  • Architectural design

Toxicity

Symptoms:

White egret flower
Fringed orchid Egret orchid

Scientific Name: Pecteilis radiata
Family: Orchidaceae

Flower Language

  • Purity
  • Innocence
  • Chastity

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

A bulbous orchid that grows in sunny lowland wetlands throughout Japan. The flower name Sagiso (egret grass) derives from the pure white flowers with fine cuts that look like white egrets flying. It is currently designated as Near Threatened (NT) on the Red List by the Ministry of the Environment, making it a precious plant.

Trivia

  • Named for its flowers' striking resemblance to white egrets with spread wings
  • Has been treasured by garden enthusiasts since the Edo period
  • Cultivation is difficult, requiring recreation of wetland environments
  • Designated as the district flower of Setagaya, with conservation activities underway

Uses

Ornamental
  • Pot cultivation
  • Wild plant gardens
  • Nature observation
  • Conservation cultivation
Medicinal

Caution: Collection is prohibited as it is an endangered species

Culinary

Other
  • Educational material for environmental protection
  • Symbol of ecosystem conservation

Toxicity

Symptoms:

Veronica
Speedwell

Scientific Name: Veronica spicata
Family: Plantaginaceae

Flower Language

  • Faithfulness
  • Honor
  • Good nature

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

A perennial herb mainly native to Europe and North Asia. About 300 species of Veronica are known, with flowering periods from June to October (varying by species). The flower language 'faithfulness' and 'honor' are said to be derived from Saint Veronica. It is also known by the alternative name Ruri-torano-o (Lapis Tiger's Tail).

Trivia

  • One of the few flowers with flower language derived from Saint Veronica's name
  • The genus Veronica includes about 300 species
  • Previously classified in Scrophulariaceae, now in Plantaginaceae
  • English name Speedwell means 'good journey', considered a flower for safe travels

Uses

Ornamental
  • Flower beds
  • Cut flowers
  • Garden border plants
  • Rock gardens
Medicinal
  • Used in European traditional medicine for respiratory treatment
  • Believed to have anti-inflammatory properties

Caution: Professional guidance required for medicinal use

Culinary

Other
  • Dried flowers
  • Bee forage plant

Toxicity

Symptoms:

Sedum
Yellow stonecrop

Scientific Name: Phedimus aizoon
Family: Crassulaceae

Flower Language

  • Alert
  • While being alert
  • Caution required

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

A perennial herb native to Japan and Siberia. The stem is thick and 5-30 cm tall. The leaves are succulent, 2-7 cm long, obovate or oblong, and alternate. The flowering period is from May to August, with flat cyme inflorescences at the stem tips bearing numerous yellow flowers similar to Sedum. It is a hardy plant that can grow in rocky places and dry areas.

Trivia

  • The name is said to derive from the flower cluster's resemblance to a qilin's horn
  • A member of the Crassulaceae family with succulent leaves
  • Extremely drought-resistant, also used for rooftop greening
  • Previously classified in genus Sedum, now in genus Phedimus

Uses

Ornamental
  • Rock gardens
  • Wild plant gardens
  • Potted plants
  • Ground cover
Medicinal
  • Sometimes used in folk medicine for treating external injuries

Caution: Professional guidance required for medicinal use

Culinary

Other
  • Rooftop greening
  • Environmental restoration plant

Toxicity

Symptoms: