Strawflower
Everlasting flower Golden everlasting Paper daisy

Scientific Name: Xerochrysum bracteatum
Family: Asteraceae

Flower Language

  • Immortal love
  • Eternity
  • Eternal memories
  • Everlasting joy

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

Strawflower is an annual plant in the daisy family native to Australia, also known by its scientific name Helichrysum. What appear to be petals are actually modified leaves called bracts, which have a papery texture and glossy appearance, resembling straw, hence the name. Its greatest characteristic is retaining its form, color, and luster even when dried, making it a classic choice for dried flower arrangements since ancient times. The scientific name 'Helichrysum' derives from Greek 'helios (sun)' and 'chrysos (gold),' expressing the golden brilliance of the flowers. While perennial in its native habitat, it's treated as an annual in Japan.

Trivia

  • Scientific name Helichrysum means 'sun's gold' in Greek
  • What appear as petals are actually modified leaves called bracts
  • Most popular flower for dried flower arrangements
  • Used for religious purposes as 'everlasting flowers' since ancient times

Uses

Ornamental
  • Dried flowers
  • Wreath making
  • Herbarium
  • Cut flowers
Medicinal
  • No medicinal uses

Caution: For ornamental purposes only, not for medicinal use

Culinary

Not suitable for consumption

Other
  • Craft materials
  • Potpourri
  • Candle decoration
  • Educational plants

Toxicity

Symptoms: Non-toxic

Coreopsis
Tickseed Calliopsis Pot of gold

Scientific Name: Coreopsis tinctoria
Family: Asteraceae

Flower Language

  • Aspiration for nobility
  • Good humor
  • Summer memories
  • Love at first sight

Characteristics

Colors: yellow

Description

Coreopsis is a plant in the daisy family native to North America, with about 120 species existing. From May to October, it blooms yellow and orange flowers resembling cosmos with serrated petal tips for long periods. It produces 2-7cm flower heads successively on long stems, creating a very showy display. The scientific name derives from Greek meaning 'like a bedbug,' referring to the resemblance of post-bloom fruits to bedbugs. With strong vitality and ability to thrive in nutrient-poor soil, it's planted as wildflower in wasteland and riverbanks. Both annual and perennial types exist with different characteristics depending on species.

Trivia

  • Scientific name means 'like a bedbug' referring to fruit shape
  • Designated as state flower in several American states
  • Used as wildflower for greening wasteland
  • Flower shape resembles cosmos but belongs to different genus in daisy family

Uses

Ornamental
  • Garden borders
  • Cut flowers
  • Wildflowers
  • Riverbank greening
Medicinal
  • Traditional medicinal use by North American indigenous peoples

Caution: Consult professionals for medicinal use

Culinary
  • Flowers
  • Leaves
Other
  • Nectar source
  • Soil improvement
  • Landscape greening
  • Wildlife food

Toxicity

Symptoms: Non-toxic

Lily
True lily Garden lily

Scientific Name: Lilium regale
Family: Liliaceae

Flower Language

  • Cheerfulness
  • Falsehood
  • Anxiety
  • Sweetness

Characteristics

Colors: yellow

Description

Yellow lily is a bulbous plant in the lily family native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere that blooms bright yellow large flowers in summer. Its flower language includes both positive meanings like 'cheerfulness' and 'sweetness,' and negative meanings like 'falsehood' and 'anxiety.' Positive meanings derive from the bright image of yellow color, while negative meanings stem from European history where yellow was used as a color of discrimination, and in Christianity became associated with Judas who betrayed Christ, symbolizing contempt and jealousy. However, in Asia yellow is perceived as a color of happiness and hope, and even in Europe, perceptions of yellow have been changing in recent years.

Trivia

  • Birth flower for June 25th, July 24th, October 6th, and December 31st
  • Perceptions of yellow color vary greatly across cultures
  • Pollen issues can be avoided by removing stamens
  • Some varieties have edible bulbs used as food

Uses

Ornamental
  • Cut flowers
  • Garden plantings
  • Potted plants
  • Flower arrangements
Medicinal
  • Bulbs traditionally used medicinally in China
  • Cough suppressant effects

Caution: Consult professionals for medicinal use

Culinary
  • Bulbs
  • Petals
Other
  • Perfume ingredient
  • Cosmetic ingredient
  • Ceremonial flowers
  • Memorial items

Toxicity

Toxicity Level: Mild

Toxic Parts: Bulbs (some varieties), Pollen

Symptoms: Toxic to cats but only mild effects on humans

Monkshood
Aconite Wolf's bane Helmet flower

Scientific Name: Aconitum napellus
Family: Ranunculaceae

Flower Language

  • Chivalry
  • Glory
  • Misanthropy
  • Revenge

Characteristics

Colors: blue-purple

Description

Monkshood is a perennial plant in the buttercup family native to Eurasia including Japan, containing deadly alkaloids throughout the plant and ranking among the most toxic plants in the plant kingdom. From July to October, it blooms distinctive blue-purple flowers resembling ancient headgear like bird helmets or court caps, hence its name. About 30 species grow wild in Japan, all toxic. The main toxic components are alkaloids including aconitine and mesaconitine, known as extremely poisonous second only to fugu's tetrodotoxin. However, in China, the rhizomes have been heat-treated to reduce toxicity and used as the herbal medicine 'bushi' for cardiotonic and analgesic purposes for over 2000 years.

Trivia

  • One of Japan's three most toxic plants (monkshood, water hemlock, poison sumac)
  • Named for flower shape resembling bird helmet or monk's hood
  • Used as arrow poison by Ainu people
  • Herbal medicine 'bushi' is made by proper processing to reduce toxicity

Uses

Ornamental
  • Alpine botanical gardens
  • Wildflower gardens
  • Native plant displays
Medicinal
  • Traditional Chinese medicine 'bushi' as cardiotonic
  • Analgesic
  • Diuretic

Caution: Extremely toxic - never use for medicinal purposes without professional expertise

Culinary

Entire plant toxic - consumption strictly forbidden

Other
  • Research plant material
  • Toxicity studies
  • Educational displays

Toxicity

Toxicity Level: Severe

Toxic Parts: Entire plant, Roots, Stems, Leaves, Flowers, Pollen

Symptoms: Causes severe poisoning symptoms including nerve paralysis, cardiac arrest, respiratory failure, and can be fatal