Calendula
Pot marigold English marigold

Scientific Name: Calendula officinalis
Family: Asteraceae

Flower Language

  • transformation
  • regeneration
  • compassion

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

Calendula is an annual herb of the Asteraceae family native to the Mediterranean coast of southern Europe, named for its flower shape resembling a golden cup. The scientific name Calendula derives from the Latin 'first day of each month', referring to its long blooming period appearing consistently at the beginning of every month. It produces orange or yellow flowers about 10cm in diameter that open with sunrise and close at night. Long used for food and medicine, it's called 'poor man's saffron' as the petals are sometimes used as a saffron substitute. As a symbol of transformation and regeneration, it's a fitting birth flower for March 31st, welcoming new beginnings.

Trivia

  • Name derives from the same Latin origin as 'calendar'
  • Recorded as a medicinal plant since ancient Roman times
  • Flowers serve as weather predictors, closing on rainy days
  • Symbolizes new beginnings as March 31st birth flower

Uses

Ornamental
  • flower beds
  • potted plants
  • cut flowers
  • dried flowers
Medicinal
  • ointment for burns and wound treatment
  • anti-inflammatory effects
  • antibacterial properties

Caution: avoid use during pregnancy

Culinary
  • petals
  • young leaves
Other
  • natural dye
  • cosmetic ingredient
  • soap ingredient

Toxicity

Symptoms: generally considered safe, but avoid large quantities

Sweet violet
English violet Garden violet

Scientific Name: Viola odorata
Family: Violaceae

Flower Language

  • secret events
  • modesty
  • sincerity

Characteristics

Colors:

Description

Nioi-sumire is a perennial of the Violaceae family native to Europe, emitting elegant fragrance from small purple or white flowers blooming in spring. Long used as perfume ingredient in Europe. The small purple or white flowers blooming in spring are modest, but appear fresh to eyes accustomed to pansies, improved violet varieties. Flower fragrance is sweet and elegant, with the flower language 'secret events' arising from this flower's modest beauty and mystical fragrance. Relatively easy to cultivate, preferring partial shade, beloved as precious fragrant flower coloring spring gardens.

Trivia

  • Famous as love flower Napoleon gave to Josephine
  • Used as ingredient in 'Parma Violet' perfume
  • Frequently appears in Shakespeare's works
  • Also symbol of republicanism during French Revolution

Uses

Ornamental
  • garden planting
  • potted plants
  • ground cover
  • cut flowers
Medicinal
  • used as cough suppressant since ancient times
  • skin inflammation relief
  • relaxation effects

Caution: avoid large quantities

Culinary
  • flowers
  • leaves
Other
  • perfume ingredient
  • potpourri
  • natural dye

Toxicity

Symptoms: generally considered safe

Strawberry
Garden strawberry Cultivated strawberry

Scientific Name: Fragaria × ananassa
Family: Rosaceae

Flower Language

  • love and respect
  • perfection
  • foresight

Characteristics

Colors: flower

Description

Strawberry is a horticultural variety currently cultivated worldwide, created in the 18th century by crossing wild species from America and Chile. It blooms with small 5-petaled white flowers in spring, followed by sweet, delicious red fruits. The actual 'fruits' are the tiny seeds on the surface, while the red part we eat is the enlarged receptacle. Long considered symbol of love and purity, the three leaves represent the Trinity in Christianity. Rich in vitamin C, cherished as fruit good for beauty and health. Popular in home gardens and can be grown in planters.

Trivia

  • Botanically classified as 'false fruit' rather than true fruit
  • One strawberry has about 200 seeds attached
  • One of the world's most popular berries
  • Sweetly colors new fiscal year beginning as March 31st birth flower

Uses

Ornamental
  • home gardens
  • planter cultivation
  • ground cover
  • flower bed edging
Medicinal
  • vitamin C supplementation
  • antioxidant effects
  • skin beautifying effects

Caution: caution for those with allergies

Culinary
  • fruits
  • leaves (herbal tea)
Other
  • cosmetic ingredient
  • natural fragrance

Toxicity

Symptoms: generally safe but possible allergic reactions