February 17

Giordano Bruno (1548–1600) advanced Copernican heliocentrism by proposing an infinite universe filled with countless worlds. His blend of philosophy, mathematics, and mysticism challenged orthodox doctrines of his time. Accused of heresy, he endured a lengthy trial before the Roman Inquisition. On February 17, 1600, Bruno was executed by burning, becoming a symbol of intellectual freedom. His works influenced later scientific and philosophical developments, celebrated for their visionary scope.

Born in 1895 in Madanapalle, India, Jiddu Krishnamurti was discovered and promoted by the Theosophical Society before he renounced all titles and affiliations in 1929. He traveled the world for decades, delivering talks and engaging in public dialogues on consciousness, meditation, and social change. Rejecting dogma, Krishnamurti emphasized the importance of self-awareness and the psychological transformation of individuals. His books, including 'The First and Last Freedom' and 'Commentaries on Living', continue to be widely read. Through his foundational teachings, Krishnamurti inspired generations to question authority and realize inner freedom.

Born in 1895, Ernst Jünger volunteered for the German Army in World War I and received multiple decorations for bravery. His seminal memoir 'Storm of Steel' offered a stark and lyrical portrayal of trench warfare, influencing generations of readers. After the war, Jünger wrote extensively on technology, politics, and the human condition, exploring themes of modernity and alienation. His works, including 'The Worker' and 'On the Marble Cliffs', combined literary flair with philosophical insight. Despite his complex political affiliations, Jünger remained a central figure in 20th-century German letters. He continued publishing essays and diaries well into his later years, leaving a vast and diverse body of work.

Michael Novak (1933–2017) was a Roman Catholic scholar and author who explored the relationship between religion and economics. His influential book, 'The Spirit of Democratic Capitalism' (1982), argued that free markets and spiritual values could coexist. Novak served as a diplomat, educator, and consultant to multiple U.S. administrations. He received numerous awards for his work in theology and political philosophy. His ideas continue to shape discussions on ethics, economics, and religious freedom.