February 02

On February 2, 1920, Estonia and Soviet Russia signed the Treaty of Tartu, formally recognizing Estonia as a sovereign state. This treaty ended the Estonian War of Independence and set the eastern border of Estonia. The anniversary is celebrated with ceremonies, academic lectures, and public discussions on national identity. It represents a foundational moment in Estonia's modern history and a milestone in post-World War I European geopolitics. Each year, Estonians reflect on their hard-won freedom and the importance of securing lasting peace.

The Battle of Stalingrad was a pivotal conflict on the Eastern Front of World War II, ending on February 2, 1943. This victory marked the first major defeat of Nazi Germany and turned the tide in favor of the Allies. In Russia, the anniversary is honored with memorial services, exhibitions, and educational programs. The battle's legacy embodies sacrifice, resilience, and the harsh realities of urban warfare. Each year, Russians reflect on the courage of soldiers and the profound impact of Stalingrad on the course of history.