January 19
Overview
Holidays & Observances
Christianfeast day:
Bassianus of Lodi, Henry of Uppsala, Marius, Martha, Audifax, and Abachum, Mark of Ephesus(Eastern Orthodox Church), Pontianus of Spoleto, Wulfstan, Bishop of Worcester, January 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
A collective feast in the Eastern Orthodox Church on January 19, honoring multiple saints and martyrs.
Confederate Heroes Day(Texas), and its related observance:
Robert E. Lee Day(Alabama,Arkansas,Florida,GeorgiaandMississippi)
Observed on January 19 in Texas, Confederate Heroes Day honors those who served in the Confederate forces, with related observances as Robert E. Lee Day in several Southern states.
Husband's Day(Iceland)
An Icelandic cultural observance on January 19 celebrating and appreciating husbands.
Kokborok Day(Tripura, India)
A celebration in Tripura, India, dedicated to the promotion and preservation of the Kokborok language and its literary heritage.
Theophany/Epiphany(EasternandOriental Orthodoxy), and its related observances:
Timkat, or 20 during Leap Year (Ethiopian Orthodox), VodiciorBaptism of Jesus(North Macedonia)
A major feast in Eastern and Oriental Orthodox churches celebrating the baptism of Jesus and the revelation of the Holy Trinity.
Bassianus of Lodi
Feast day of Bassianus of Lodi, a 3rd-century Italian bishop and martyr.
Henry of Uppsala
Feast of Henry of Uppsala, the 12th-century English missionary and patron saint of Finland.
Marius, Martha, Audifax, and Abachum
Feast of the siblings Marius, Martha, Audifax, and Abachum, Roman martyrs from the 3rd century.
Mark of Ephesus(Eastern Orthodox Church)
Feast of Mark of Ephesus, a 15th-century bishop known for defending Orthodox theology.
Events
Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to Augustus, and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire.
Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius to co-emperor at Sirmium, granting him rule over the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire.
Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrender after a forty-day siege led by Tang dynasty general Ashina She'er, establishing Tang control over the northern Tarim Basin in Xinjiang.
Tang general Ashina She'er captures Kucha after a forty-day siege, cementing Tang control over the northern Tarim Basin.
Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England, completing his reconquest of Normandy.
Rouen surrenders to Henry V, finalizing his reconquest of Normandy during the Hundred Years' War.
The Italian Duchy of Mirandola surrenders to the Pope.
The Duchy of Mirandola surrenders to the Pope, bringing the Italian territory under papal authority.
Sten Sture the Younger, the Regent of Sweden, is mortally wounded at the Battle of Bogesund and dies on February 3.
Sten Sture the Younger is mortally wounded at the Battle of Bogesund, a pivotal moment in Swedish resistance against Danish rule.
San Agustin Church in Manila is officially completed; it is the oldest church still standing in the Philippines.
The San Agustin Church in Manila is completed, becoming the oldest surviving stone church in the Philippines.
Hämeenlinna (Swedish: Tavastehus) is granted privileges after it separated from the Vanaja parish as its own city in Tavastia.
Hämeenlinna is granted city privileges, officially separating from Vanaja parish in Tavastia.
John Wilkes is expelled from the British House of Commons for seditious libel.
John Wilkes is expelled from the British House of Commons for publishing seditious libel against the government.
Bolle Willum Luxdorph records in his diary that a mail bomb, possibly the world's first, has severely injured the Danish Colonel Poulsen, residing at Børglum Abbey.
A mail bomb injures Danish Colonel Poulsen at Børglum Abbey, possibly the world's first recorded postal bomb attack.
Births
Pulcheria
Pulcheria (399–453) was a Byzantine empress who served as regent and championed the Christian church. She was later canonized for her piety and leadership.
Dōgen Zenji
Dōgen Zenji (1200–1253) was a Japanese Buddhist monk who founded the Sōtō school of Zen. He is renowned for his profound teachings on meditation.
Francis II (1544–1560) became King of France at age 15 and married Mary, Queen of Scots. His brief reign was dominated by the powerful Guise family.
Lucas Faydherbe
Lucas Faydherbe (1617–1697) was a leading Flemish Baroque sculptor and architect. A pupil of Peter Paul Rubens, he left a lasting mark on Mechelen’s churches.
Charles Stanley
Charles Stanley, 8th Earl of Derby (1628–1672), was an English nobleman and courtier during the Restoration. He served as Lord President of the Council of Wales and the Marches.
John Weldon
John Weldon (1676–1736) was an English organist and composer at the Chapel Royal. His anthems and odes remain part of the Baroque choral repertoire.
Jean-Philippe Baratier
Jean-Philippe Baratier (1721–1740) was a German child prodigy, scholar, and author. He mastered several languages and held a university librarian post by his early teens.
James Watt
James Watt (1736–1819) was a Scottish inventor and mechanical engineer whose improvements to the steam engine powered the Industrial Revolution.
Giuseppe Millico
Giuseppe Millico (1737–1802) was an acclaimed Italian soprano, composer, and teacher. He performed at leading European courts and influenced vocal pedagogy.
Deaths
John of Cappadocia
Byzantine church leader who held the office of Patriarch of Constantinople from 518 until his death in 520.
Dagobert I
Frankish Merovingian king who ruled a unified realm from 629 until his death in 639.
García I
Second king of León who ruled a Christian kingdom in northwestern Spain from 910 to 914.
Kilian of Cologne
Irish missionary and abbot who founded a monastic community in Cologne around the turn of the 11th century.
Al-Hakim I
Abbasid caliph of Cairo under the Mamluk Sultanate who held ceremonial religious authority from 1262 to 1302.
Robert Bealknap
Chief Justice of the Common Pleas under King Richard II who was later impeached by Parliament.
Isabella of Austria
Archduchess of Austria who became Queen consort of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden as the wife of King Christian II.
Henry Howard
English nobleman and poet who helped pioneer the use of blank verse in English poetry during the Tudor era.
Diego Laynez
Spanish Jesuit theologian who succeeded Ignatius of Loyola as the second Superior General of the Society of Jesus.