January 13

Observed annually on January 13, Constitution Day commemorates the adoption of Mongolia’s current Constitution by popular referendum. The holiday highlights principles of rule of law, human rights, and parliamentary democracy. Government institutions hold flag-raising ceremonies and official programs at Sukhbaatar Square. Citizens attend lectures, exhibitions, and cultural performances that reflect national identity and constitutional values. The day serves as a reminder of Mongolia’s political transformation and the importance of active civic participation.

Democracy Day in Cape Verde is celebrated on January 13 to honor the nation’s transition to a multiparty democratic system in the early 1990s. The holiday commemorates the first free elections that opened the political landscape to multiple parties and voices. Ceremonies include wreath-laying at national monuments, public speeches by officials, and civic forums. Schools and universities organize debates, music, and dance performances that reflect the ideals of democracy and national unity. The observance encourages citizen engagement and reflects on the ongoing development of democratic institutions in Cape Verde.